Visa requirements
Collective expulsion
Denationalization
Mass denial of ID cards
Gender discrimination in citizenship rights
Border communities and indigenous peoples
Gender discrimination in citizenship rights
Some countries discriminate between men and women when it comes to allowing them to transfer nationality to their spouses and children, showing a clear prejudice towards women. Burundi is a clear example of this discrimination - a foreign woman who is married to a Burundian man may acquire Burundian nationality by a simple declaration. A foreign man who is married to a Burundian woman, on the other hand, can only acquire citizenship through naturalization like any other foreigner. The one advantage is that these men must only be a permanent resident for five years instead of ten in order to apply for citizenship.
Malawi’s legislation on citizenship shows further impingement on women’s rights. According to Malawi’s Citizenship Act, if a Malawian woman marries a foreigner, she loses her right to Malawi citizenship unless she renounces the citizenship of her husband by the first anniversary of their marriage – dual citizenship is not allowed after the age of 22 in any circumstances. Furthermore, the children of a Malawian woman by a foreign husband cannot be Malawian citizens. The difference in treatment between men and women can also be seen by the fact that resident permits for foreign men who marry Malawian women cost US $650, while a foreign woman who marries a native man only pays US $9.
More information can be found here:
Malawi: Conditions for acquiring permanent residence and/or citizenship for a woman born in Burundi to a Burundi father and a Malawi mother,
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, 18 March 2003.
Burundi: Whether Burundi Recognizes Dual Citizenship, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, 6 November 2002.
“Botswana: Second Class Citizens: Discrimination Against Women Under Botswana's Citizenship Act”, Human Rights Watch, 1994.
Malawi Citizenship Act, 1966